Safety mechanism for firearms.



G. G. SWEBILIUS & H. T. E. HANITZ.

SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1914 Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I ma -8v Wm om 4 r C. G. SWBBILIUS & H. T. R. HANITZ. SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. 5, 1914 1,129,527. Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET'Z.

E] ntow O. G. SWEBILIUS & H. T. R. HANITZ.

SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1914.

1, 1 29,527. Patented Feb. 23, 1915 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3-.

u I llll'llllullll fill-HIM G. G. SWEBILIUS & H. T. R. HANITZ.

SAFETY MECHANISM FOR- FIREARMS.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.5,1914

Patented Feb. 28, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 a? wwiz2wza 13171 412 5 Z Z UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL GUSTAF SWEBILIUS AND HANS T. It. HANITZ, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO MARLIN FIREARMS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CARL G. SwEcrLIUs and Hans T. It. HANrrz, a citizen of the United States and a subject of the Emperor of Germany, respectively, both residing at New Haven, New Haven county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safety Mechanism for Firearms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to firearms and particularly to an improved safety mechanism to guard against premature discharge.

In illustrating our invention, we have shown it in connection with a firearm such as set forth in U. S. Letters Patent NO- 943,828 of December 21, 1909, to which patent we direct attention for a detailed de scription of the construction and operation of the main working parts.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the breech portion of a firearm, showing a part of the stock, the breech being closed: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the rear end of the barrel and associated parts; Fig.

2 is a side elevation of the breech mechanism with the side plate removed, showing the breech fully open; Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the breech mechanism, partially closed; Fig. 1 is a similar view showing the breech mechanism fully closed; Fig. 5 is a similar view with most of the working parts removed; Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 66, Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is a plan View of the trigger guard and certain associated parts; and Figs. 8 to 15 inclusive are detail views.

It should be understood that we have shown our invention only in its preferred form and that it may be modified in a variety of ways.

In the drawings, 1 is the stock; 2 the barrel; 3 the receiver-frame; 1 the front reinforce, and 5 the top-plate of the breech or receiver. The receiver can be fully opened at one side by removing the side plate 6.

7 is a magazine.

8 is a reciprocating action rod. The action rod 8 leads through the front reinforce into the receiver and makes a connection through the medium of a pin 9 with the internal breech mechanism so that said breech mechanism may be operated upon the reciprocation of said rod. The breech block Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

Application filed August 5, 1914. Serial No. 855,086.

is what we may term a combined breech block and locking bolt.

10 is the head end of the breech block which carries the usual extractor devices. 11 is the tail end or looking bolt. In this particular instance the said two parts 10 and 11 are hinged together, so that at the proper time the locking bolt 11 may be swung up into locking position wherein it engages a lock-up shoulder 12 on the under side of the top-plated 13 is the plate carried by the breech block and pivoted concentrically with the swinging tail-piece or looking bolt 11.

On the opposite side of the breech block from that shown in Figs. 2 to 1 is what we may term an intermediate link or rocking member 14. This member carries a stud 15, which takes into a recess in the side of the locking bolt 11. The pin 9 of the action rod normally stands in a cam slot or groove 16 in the forward end of the intermediate link 14.

17 is a carrier arranged to perform the usual function, the said carrier being pivoted at 18.

19 is another stud on the intermediate link 14, said stud extending in a cam groove 20 in the side of the carrier 17. As the action rod 7 is moved to and fro, the carrier will be moved up and down in accordance with the design of the cam groove 20.

21 is a frame, including the trigger guard and designed to support the hammer 22 and trigger 23. The hammer is provided with a shoulder or hook 24:, which is arranged to be engaged by a shoulder or hook 25 at the inner end of the trigger.

The rear end of the intermediate link 14 has a lateral projection 26, which constitutes a bearing, which is supported by a ledge 27, at the inner side of the left side plate of the receiver, the said ledge being I 5 .ing act is completed. It is to this particular feature of improvement that the present invention relates. Up to this point the various parts described are substantially such as are shown and described in the patent above referred to and fora further detailed description as to the construction and operation of these parts we direct attention to said patent.

The safety mechanism to which our prescut invention relates comprises a unique construction and arrangement of safety sear associated with the trigger and hammer, and one of the moving parts of the breech mechanism whereby the hammer cannot be released from its cocked position until the gun is fully locked. A detail of the safety sear is shown in Fig. 12 and will be seen to comprise a main body 28, a trip-arm 29, and a laterally projecting hammer locking shoul- 5 der 30. This .sear is pivoted at 31 to the trigger 23, the pivot 31 being eccentric to or out of line with the pivot upon which the trigger swings. In the specific form shown .the pivotal connection 31 iseffected between the lower end of the sear body and the forward end of the trigger as best seen in Fig. 8, so that when the finger piece of the trigger is pulled back, the sear will be drawn down. The hammer 32 is provided at its'outer end With a shoulder 32, which is arranged to be engaged by the lateral extension 30 of the sear when the hammer is cooked by the reciprocation of the breech mechanism (see Fig. 3). A spring 33 is provided to cause 40 the sear to normally move in a direction to mer,and means wholly independent of the a'trigger to disengage said sear from said engage the hammer. As shown in Fig. 3, the various parts are moved only partially toward'theclosed or locked position.

however, the breech is fully locked up as shown in Fig. 4, it will be observed that the locking shoulder 30 of the sear has been disenga ed from the hammer locking shoulder 30.

parts of the breech mechanism, in this in stance the carrier 17, to engage the trip arm 29 of the sear and swingit back from the position shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 4. This movement is effected bythe last quick upward movementof the carrier,

which occurs simultaneously with the final locking movement of the locking bolt 11. From, the foregoing, it will be seen that so long as the gun is not perfectly locked,

and the carrier has, not reached its uppermost position, the pulling of the trigger will not release the hammer 'so that it can fall.

. At'such atime the searwillengage the ham- I -mer and hold the latterdown. When the gun is fully locked if the trigger is pulled v and held 'bglok, theioperation of the breech When,

his is effected by causing one of the.

mechanism will act automatically upon the safety sear in such a way that it will operate as an automatic trigger. By connecting the sear directly with the trigger,-it is obvious that there is a direct cooperation of these parts whereby their action will be certain.

In Fig. ,3 we have shown the breech only partially closed and the trigger partially I pulled. This movement of the trigger, as

will be seen, has disengaged the direct connection between the trigger and the ham-- mer, but the hammer is still securely held by the indirect connection effected through the medium of the sear.

In Fig. 4 the trigger has been released andof the sear.

It will be understood, of course, that we have not described the various incidental parts of the breech mechanism, such as the ejector, cut-off and other details, since no improvement in such parts is involved herein.

What we claim is:

1. In a firearm, a receiver containing a breech bolt, a carrier, an intermediate link adapted to engage with an action rod movtrigger and a safety sear pivotally mounted on said trigger eccentric to the axis of the trigger and arranged to engage said hamtrigger and a safety sear pivotally mounted on said trigger eccentric to the axis of the trigger, said safety sear having a laterally extending lug to engage with the hammer and means wholly independent of said trigger to disengage said sear from said hammer- 3.111 a firearm, a receiver containing a breech bolt, a carrier, an intermediate link adapted to engage with an action rod moving back and forth therein, a hammer, a trigger and a safety seanpivotally mounted on said trigger, said safety sear having a laterally extending lugto engage with the hammer and a forwardly extending arm for engagement with the carrier.

4. In a' firearm, a rece ver, locking mechanism inclosed therein includ 1ng a carrier 00- operating with the sand lockmg mechanism ,9.

ing back and forth therein, a hammer, a

hammer, a trigger, a safety sear piv'otally mounted thereon, said safety sear being adapted to engage with the hammer and carrier and a spring between the receiver and the said safety sear mounted on the said trigger, adapted to keep the safety sear in engagement with the carrier and the trigger in engagement with the hammer.

5. In a firearm, a receiver inclosing the locking mechanism thereof, including a hammer, a carrier, a trigger, a safety sear pivotally mounted thereon eccentric to the axis thereof, said safety sear connecting with the said hammer and carrier so as to lock the hammer to prevent its falling into firing position when the trigger is pulled while the gun is not perfectly locked, substantially as described.

6. In a firearm, a receiver containing breech mechanism including a plurality of movable parts, a hammer, a trigger and a safety sear pivoted eccentrically of said trigger and cooperating directly between said trigger and hammer with trip means for said safety sear arranged to release the latter when the breech mechanism is fully locked ready for firing.

7. In a firearm, a receiver containing breech mechanism, including a plurality of movable parts, a hammer, a trigger and a safety sear pivotally mounted eccentrically on one of the last two mentioned parts, with means for rendering said safety sear ineffective when the gun is fully locked ready for firing.

8. In a firearm, a receiver containing a plurality of movable parts, a hammer, a trigger, a safety sear pivotally mounted ec- 'centrically on said trigger and arranged to engage the hammer until the gun is fully locked, with means for moving said safety sear to the hammer disengaging position when said gun is fully locked ready for V firing.

between the trigger and hammer with means operable by one of the moving parts of the breech mechanism to move said sear into an inoperative position withcut disturbing the operative position of said trigger when the parts are fully locked up ready for firing. CARL GUSTAF SWEBILIUS, HANS T. R HANIZZ, Witnesses:

Fnnn E. BRADLEY, Wnmair C. Lianne. 

